Overview: CD45 LCA Immunohistochemistry TestIntroduction: The CD45 LCA Immunohistochemistry Test detects CD45 (leukocyte common antigen) to diagnose lymphomas, causing lymph node swelling or fever. Aligned with 2023 WHO guidelines, it uses immunohistochemistry for high specificity, supporting cancer screening. This test is critical for guiding diagnosis, treatment planning, and improving outcomes in histopathology for patients with suspected lymphomas.
Other Names: CD45 IHC Assay, LCA IHC Test.
FDA Status: Laboratory-developed test (LDT), meeting histopathology standards for diagnostic accuracy.
Historical Milestone: CD45 testing began in the 1980s with lymphoma research. Immunohistochemistry-based methods improved in the 2000s, enhancing diagnostic precision.
Purpose: Detects CD45 to diagnose lymphomas, guides treatment, and evaluates patients with lymph node swelling or fever.
Test Parameters: 1. CD45 Protein
Pretest Condition: No fasting required. Collect tissue via biopsy. Report history of lymph node swelling, fever, or lymphoma symptoms.
Specimen: 0.5-2 cma³ tissue (FFPE). Transport in a biohazard container.
Sample Stability at Room Temperature: 7 days
Sample Stability at Refrigeration: Not refrigerated
Sample Stability at Frozen: Not frozen
Medical History: Document lymph node swelling, fever, night sweats, or family history of lymphomas. Include current medications, especially chemotherapy.
Consent: Written consent required, detailing the tests purpose, lymphoma implications, and risks of biopsy.
Procedural Considerations: Uses immunohistochemistry to detect CD45 in lymphoid tissue. Results are available in 1-2 days, supporting rapid clinical decisions. Performed in laboratories, often for lymphoma diagnosis.
Factors Affecting Result Accuracy: Improper tissue fixation or processing can affect results. Low tissue quality may reduce staining accuracy.
Clinical Significance: Positive CD45 staining confirms lymphoid origin, guiding lymphoma diagnosis and treatment. Negative staining may suggest non-lymphoid tumors, requiring further testing.
Specialist Consultation: Consult a hematologist or oncologist for result interpretation and treatment planning.
Additional Supporting Tests: CD20 IHC, CD3 IHC, or flow cytometry to confirm lymphoma diagnosis.
Test Limitations: Not specific to one lymphoma type; other hematopoietic tumors may express CD45. Clinical correlation is needed.
References: WHO Lymphoma Guidelines, 2023; Blood, Swerdlow SH, 2022.
